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目的：研究伴胸腺瘤的重症肌无力（MG）患者术后放射治疗的效果。方法：观察和比较60例伴胸腺瘤MG患者术后放疗与43例术后未放疗患者的远期疗效和生存率。结果：术后放疗组的50例（83．3％）患者放疗后MG症状好转。随访1～15年，MG总有效率为78．3％，其中完全缓解者12例（20．0％）、药物缓解者16例（26．7％）；术后未放疗组MG总有效率为79．1％，其中完全缓解者16例（3．2％）、药物缓解者5例（11．6％），两组远期疗效差别无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。术后放疗组2、5和 10年生存率分别为 93．3％、80．0％和 467％，其中 Masaoka分期 Ⅰ－Ⅱ期者分别为 97．6％、92．8％和 83．3％，Ⅲ-Ⅳ期者分别为83．3％、50．0％和0％；术后未放疗组2年、5年和10年生存率分别为86．0％、74．4％和48．8％，其中Ⅰ-Ⅱ期者分别为94．7％、86．8％和71．l％，Ⅲ-Ⅳ期者分别为40．0％、0％和0％。两组Ⅲ-Ⅳ期患者生存率比较具有统计学意义（P＜0．01）。结论：放射治疗可以提高伴浸润性胸腺瘤的MG患者远期生存率和缓解MG症状。
Objective: To study the effect of postoperative radiotherapy in patients with myasthenia gravis associated with thymoma. Methods: The long-term efficacy and survival rate of 60 patients with thymoma MG treated by postoperative radiotherapy and 43 patients without radiotherapy were observed and compared. Results: Fifty patients (83.3%) in postoperative radiotherapy group had better symptoms of MG after radiotherapy. During the follow-up of 1 to 15 years, the total effective rate of MG was 78.3%, of which 12 (20.0%) were complete remission and 16 (26.7%) were drug remission; the total effective rate (79.1%), of which 16 were complete remission (3.2%) and 5 were drug remission (11.6%). There was no significant difference in long-term efficacy between the two groups (P> 0.05). The 2,5-year and 10-year survival rates were 93.3%, 80.0% and 467% in the postoperative radiotherapy group, respectively. The Masaoka stage I-II patients were 97.6%, 92.8% and 83.3% respectively % And Ⅲ-Ⅳ were 83.3%, 50.0% and 0% respectively. The 2-year, 5-year and 10-year survival rates of non-radiotherapy group were 86.0%, 74.4% and 48 .8%, of which Ⅰ-Ⅱ were 94.7%, 86.8% and 71 respectively. l%, Ⅲ-Ⅳ were 40.0%, 0% and 0% respectively. The survival rates of patients in stage III-IV were statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion: Radiotherapy can improve the long-term survival rate and relieve MG symptoms in MG patients with invasive thymoma.