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目的探讨小团体心理训练对军校新生心理健康水平的提升效果。方法用一般自我效能感量表(GSES)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、应对方式问卷、Connor-Davidson心理弹性问卷(CD-RISC)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)和状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI)进行调查。测查中重点学员所在班中数据有效的91名学员作为干预组进行小团体心理训练,另随机抽取剩余班中数据有效的78名学员作为对照组。结果干预组训练前后,躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖和精神病性的因子分在3次测验中均存在显著性差异(F=12.1,6.49,4.19,8.21,5.78,5.37;P<0.05),LSD比较发现7个阳性指标的基础值得分均明显高于后两次测验得分。应对方式问卷幻想得分在3次测验中存在显著性差异(F=3.80,P<0.05)。干预组与对照组3次测验结果比较,第一次干预组的SCl-90总分、躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、偏执的因子分均显著高于对照组(t=2.47,3.04,2.59,2.5,2.29;P<0.05),第二、三次测验各因子分两组间不存在显著差异(P>0.05)。结论小团体心理训练能有效改善新生心理健康状况,并具有较长效的作用。
Objective To explore the effect of psychological training on the mental health of freshmen in military academies. Methods The general self-efficacy scale (GSES), perceived social support scale (PSSS), coping style questionnaire, Connor-Davidson psychological resilience questionnaire (CD-RISC), symptom self-rating scale (SCL-90) and state- Trait Anxiety Questionnaire (STAI). In the survey, 91 trainees whose data were valid in the classes where the key trainees were located were used as the intervention group for small group psychological training. The other 78 trainees whose data in the remaining classes were valid were randomly selected as the control group. Results Before and after the intervention, factors of somatization, compulsion, depression, anxiety, horror and psychosis were significantly different among the three tests (F = 12.1,6.49,4.19,8.21,5.78,5.37; P <0.05 ), LSD found that seven positive indicators of the baseline scores were significantly higher than the last two test scores. Coping style questionnaire fantasy scores in the three tests there is a significant difference (F = 3.80, P <0.05). Compared with the control group, the scores of SCL-90, somatization, depression, anxiety and paranoid in the first intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (t = 2.47, 3.04, 2.59, 2.5 , 2.29; P <0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the second and third test (P> 0.05). Conclusion Small group psychological training can effectively improve the freshmen’s mental health status, and has a long-term effect.