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小流域土壤侵蚀预报和模拟一直是世界土壤侵蚀研究的前沿领域,其中,坡面侵蚀和沟道侵蚀的计算方法、侵蚀能力的不均匀问题以及泥沙在塘库河道的沉积问题是研究的关键。对此,重点从侵蚀机理和计算方法上进行探讨,提出考虑到坡面土壤抗侵蚀能力和塘库沉积作用的计算方法,研讨了影响流域侵蚀和泥沙输送的主要环节和关键影响因子,分析了流域土壤抗蚀能力的空间差异及其对模拟结果的影响,提出了小流域侵蚀泥沙数学模型的基本结构框架,为进一步完善现有侵蚀泥沙过程模型提供了新的计算方法。
Prediction and simulation of soil erosion in small watershed has been the frontier area of soil erosion research all over the world. Among them, the calculation methods of slope erosion and channel erosion, the uneven erosion capacity and sediment deposition in pond bank are the key points . In this regard, the emphasis is on the erosion mechanism and calculation method, and the calculation method considering the anti-erosion ability of slope soil and the sedimentation of ponds is put forward. The main factors affecting the erosion and sediment transport and the key influence factors are analyzed. The spatial differences of soil erosion resistance and its impact on the simulation results are presented. The basic structural framework of erosion sediment mathematical model in small watershed is proposed, which provides a new calculation method for further improving the existing erosion and sediment process models.