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目的:了解2000～2005年江西省5岁以下儿童年龄别和主要死因别死亡率的变化趋势。方法:采用江西省5岁以下儿童死亡监测网收集的2000～2005年以人群为基础的监测资料,计算江西省新生儿、婴儿、5岁以下儿童死亡率及主要死因别构成。结果:2005年江西省新生儿、婴儿、5岁以下儿童死亡率分别为13.3‰、19.2‰和23.5‰,较2000年(24.2‰、34.8‰和43.3‰)分别下降了45.0%、44.8%和45.9%。2000～2005年,江西省5岁以下儿童的肺炎、出生窒息、溺水、腹泻死亡率有明显下降趋势。结论:2000～2005年江西省新生儿、婴儿、5岁以下儿童死亡率有明显下降趋势,且肺炎、腹泻等可避免死因的死亡率下降在农村地区尤为明显。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the trend of mortality of children aged under 5 years and major causes of death from 2000 to 2005 in Jiangxi province. Methods: Based on population-based monitoring data from 2000 to 2005 collected from the death monitoring network for children under 5 years of age in Jiangxi Province, the mortality and major causes of death of newborns, infants and children under 5 years old in Jiangxi Province were calculated. Results: The death rates of newborns, infants and children under 5 in Jiangxi Province in 2005 were 13.3 ‰, 19.2 ‰ and 23.5 ‰, respectively, down by 45.0% and 44.8% respectively from that in 2000 (24.2 ‰, 34.8 ‰ and 43.3%) 45.9%. From 2000 to 2005, pneumonia, birth asphyxia, drowning and diarrhea in Jiangxi children under 5 years of age decreased obviously. CONCLUSION: The mortality rate of newborns, infants and children under 5 years old in Jiangxi province dropped significantly from 2000 to 2005, and the death rate of avoidable causes of death such as pneumonia and diarrhea was especially obvious in rural areas.