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目的:以伦教医院为研究对象,对其2015年1月至2016年12月间抗生素不良反应的发生特点和规律作临床用药分析,提出降低本院抗生素不良反应发生率的应对策略。方法:选取本院2015年1月至2016年12月收集的50例(其中2015年29例,2016年21例)抗生素不良反应报告,分析近两年抗生素不良反应的发生特点和规律。结果:本院2015年至2016年抗生素不良反应发生率最高的是内科占42.0%,其次是外科占26.0%,妇产科和急诊科相当分别占12.0%,儿科最少占8.0%;抗生素不良反应主要表现是在皮肤及其附件和消化系统,分别占比48.1%和29.6%;引起不良反应较多的抗生素主要有喹诺酮类、头孢类和大环内酯类,分别占比46.0%、22.0%和14.0%。结论:选用合适的抗生素、选择合适的给药途径、选用正确的用法用量和给药疗程,根据临床应用指征合理联用抗生素,会大大减少不良反应的发生,保障临床用药的安全。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics and laws of adverse reactions of antibiotics from January 2015 to December 2016 in Lunxun Hospital as the research object, and put forward the strategies to reduce the incidence of adverse reactions of antibiotics in our hospital. Methods: Fifty cases (29 cases in 2015 and 21 cases in 2016) collected from January 2015 to December 2016 in our hospital were selected to analyze the characteristics and regularities of antibiotic adverse reactions in recent two years. Results: The highest incidence of antibiotic adverse reactions in our hospital was 42.0% in medical department from 2015 to 2016, followed by 26.0% in surgery, 12.0% in obstetrics and gynecology and emergency department, 8.0% in pediatrics, respectively. The adverse reactions of antibiotics Mainly in the skin and its appendages and digestive system, accounting for 48.1% and 29.6% respectively; antibiotics lead to more adverse reactions mainly quinolones, cephalosporins and macrolides, accounting for 46.0%, 22.0% And 14.0%. Conclusion: The appropriate antibiotics, choose the appropriate route of administration, choose the right dosage and course of treatment, according to the clinical indications rational use of antibiotics, will greatly reduce the incidence of adverse reactions to protect the safety of clinical medication.