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采用ANSYS软件对单轴对称焊接工字形截面的纵向残余应力进行了三维数值模拟,将生热率和“生死单元”技术相结合有效模拟了焊缝金属的熔化、填充和凝固过程。分析时取冷却至70℃时得到的应力为焊接残余应力,研究了翼缘宽厚比对纵向残余应力分布的影响。研究表明:截面上残余拉应力峰值均达到fy;宽、窄翼缘上的残余压应力峰值分别约为0.4fy、0.3fy;腹板残余应力分布曲线呈梯形,靠近宽翼缘一侧和靠近窄翼缘一侧腹板上的残余压应力峰值分别约为0.4fy、0.3fy;随着翼缘宽厚比逐渐减小,宽、窄翼缘和腹板的残余应力峰值逐渐减小,受拉区的分布宽度有增大的趋势。
The longitudinal residual stress of uniaxial symmetrical welding I-section was simulated by ANSYS software. The combination of heat-generating rate and life-and-death unit technology effectively simulated the process of melting, filling and solidification of the weld metal. The stress obtained when cooling to 70 ° C is the welding residual stress in the analysis. The effect of the flange width-thickness ratio on the longitudinal residual stress distribution is studied. The results show that the peak values of the residual tensile stress in the cross section reach fy, the peak values of the residual compressive stress in the wide and narrow flanges are about 0.4fy and 0.3fy, respectively. The distribution of the residual stresses in the webs is trapezoidal, close to one side and close to the wide flange The residual compressive stress peaks on one side of the narrow flange are about 0.4fy and 0.3fy, respectively. As the ratio of flange width to thickness decreases, the residual stress peaks of wide and narrow flanges and webs gradually decrease, The distribution width of the area tends to increase.