甲型链球菌或酿脓链球菌能产生多种具有抗原性和生物活性的细胞外物质,如细胞毒素、链球菌溶血素O和S、链激酶、链球菌致热原性外毒素(SPE)A、B和C。后三者外毒素引起猩红热的发热和皮疹,猩红热已不多见,但它们均具有强大毒性,改变宿主防御能力,降低抗体反应,抑制巨噬细胞功能和激活淋巴细胞,可严重破坏皮肤、肌 Streptococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes produce a wide range of antigenic and biological extracellular substances such as cytotoxins, streptolysin O and S, streptokinase, streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin (SPE) A, B and C The latter three extrinsic toxins cause scarlet fever and rash, scarlet fever has been rare, but they are both highly toxic, change the host defense ability, reduce the antibody response, inhibit macrophage function and activate lymphocytes, can severely damage the skin, muscle