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Purpose:To compare melanin-related near-infrared fundus autofluorescence (NIA; excitation 787 nm,emission＞ 800 nm)with lipofuscin-related fundus autofluorescence (FAF; excitation 488 nm,emission ＞ 500 nm) in patients with idiopathic choroidal neovascularization (ICNV).Methods:FAF,NIA,fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA)and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) were obtained using a confocal scanning laser Ophthalmoscope HRA2 (Heidelberg Retina Angiograph 2) in 18 eyes of 18 patients with ICNV.Results:Eighteen eyes had classic CNV,and autofluorescence imaging showed hypoautofluorescence at the site of CNV.A well-defined hyperautofluorescent ring was detected surrounding the CNV in all 18 eyes with NIA imaging.In our sample,the FAF patterns around the CNV were classified as normal (n=1,5.56％),well-defined hyperautofluorescent ring (n=7,38.89％),or ill-defined hyperautofluorescent ring (n=10,55.56％).Conclusion:The patterns of FAF and NIA indicated different involvement of lipofuscin and melanin in the pathophysiological process of ICNV.Compared to FAF imaging,NIA imaging appears to be a superior noninvasive method for in vivo visualization of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) abnormalities in ICNV patients.