Hemolysis in blood pumps has been measured by various in vitro test methods, in which normalized index of hemolysis (NIH) was established. As NIH is complicated and difficult to calculate, erythrocyte fragment count is proposed in the present study to predict hemolysis in roller pumps. Methods: Five paired in vitro tests wereconducted using the POLYSTAN pediatric pump(group A) and COBE pump(group B). Ten whole blood samples (400 ml ) were circled in the roller pump for 16 h. Erythrocyte fragments count and plasma-free hemoglobin (FHb) were measured before pumping and every two hours through circulation after four-hour-pumping. The morphological changes of erythrocyte were observed by scanning electron microscope. Results: The two groups EFC and FHb levels were increased linearly during a long duration of pumping and linear regression of erythrocyte fragments count and plasma-free hemoglobin were correlated. Conclusion: Erythrocyte fragments count could be used as an index in evaluating the in vitro hemolytic properties of blood pumps.