ＡＴＭ网络向用户提供高质量的业务需要确定该网络和系统的最佳特性参数和规范性能指标。本文综述了造成ＡＴＭ网络质量损伤的各种因素；介绍了ＡＴＭ网络和系统的性能设计概念；着重讨论了ＡＴＭ特有的质量损伤─—信元丢失和信元延迟。性能设计概念是确定端对端网络性能指标和对ＡＴＭ系统进行性能分配的基础。 ATM network to provide users with high-quality business needs to determine the network and system characteristics and specifications of the best performance specifications. This paper reviews the various factors that contribute to the quality degradation of ATM networks; introduces the concept of performance design for ATM networks and systems; and focuses on ATM-specific quality impairments - cell loss and cell delay. The concept of performance design is the basis for determining end-to-end network performance metrics and for allocating performance to ATM systems.