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对产于西藏东南部的3个野生韭居群(芒康:木许居群、曲孜卡居群,左贡:绕金居群)进行了风味与主要营养品质评价。结果表明:(1)3个居群均含有21种游离氨基酸,谷氨酰胺含量均最高,丙氨酸次之,分别占总氨基酸的12.87%~22.03%和10.33%~12.55%;8种人体必需氨基酸含量均处于较低水平,木许居群0.9431 mg·g~(-1)(占比35.80%),曲孜卡居群0.7884 mg·g~(-1)(占比36.61%),绕金居群1.1895 mg·g~(-1)(占比41.16%);14种氨基酸在居群间有不同程度的显著性差异。(2)各居群少含维生素B1(0.3μg·g~(-1)左右)和维生素B2(0.4μg·g~(-1)左右),含有较高的维生素A(10μg·g~(-1)左右)和维生素E(3~13μg·g~(-1)),富含维生素C(1.5 mg·g~(-1)左右),维生素B6含量均低于0.1μg·g~(-1)的检测限。(3)木许居群和曲孜卡居群有10种、绕金居群有11种芳香物质,甲硫醇仅在绕金居群中检测到,共有的10种芳香物质在居群间有不同程度差异,二甲基二硫化物在各居群中含量均最高,相对百分含量在70%左右。(4)可溶性总糖和蛋白质含量及含水量在居群间均有不同程度的显著性差异。
The flavor and nutritional quality of three wild populations of Allium japonicum (Mankang: Muxujuqu, Quzizha, Zugong: Jinjinqun), which originated in southeastern Tibet, were evaluated. The results showed that: (1) All the three populations contained 21 kinds of free amino acids, with the highest contents of glutamine and alanine, accounting for 12.87% -22.03% and 10.33% -12.55% of the total amino acids respectively; The essential amino acids contents were all at a low level, which were 0.9431 mg · g -1 (accounting for 35.80%) of Muxuyou population and 0.7884 mg · g -1 of Quzzega population (accounting for 36.61%), 1.1895 mg · g -1 (accounting for 41.16%). There were significant differences in 14 amino acids among different populations. (2) There was little vitamin B1 (0.3μg · g ~ (-1)) and vitamin B2 (0.4μg · g ~ (-1)) in each population, which contained high vitamin A (10μg · g ~ (-1) -1), vitamin E (3 ~ 13μg · g -1), vitamin C (1.5 mg · g -1) and vitamin B 6 contents less than 0.1 μg · g -1 -1) detection limit. (3) There are 10 species of Mu Xu Ju Qu and Qu Ju Zi Ka, 11 aromatic species around Jin Ju Ju. Methanethiol is only detected in the golden enclave population. The total 10 aromatic species have different degrees of variation among populations. Methyl disulfide content in each population are the highest, the relative percentage of about 70%. (4) Soluble total sugar and protein content and water content in different populations have significant differences.