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目的:了解深圳市龙岗区第二人民医院5岁以下各年龄组儿童死亡情况,分析主要死因并提出干预措施。方法:对龙岗区第二人民医院2001～2010年5岁以下儿童死亡报告资料进行统计学分析,包括死亡率、年龄构成及主要死亡原因顺位。结果:2010年新生儿、婴儿、5岁以下儿童死亡率分别为5.03‰、5.75‰、6.83‰,与2001年相比,各年龄组儿童死亡率均明显下降(P<0.05)。年龄构成比中新生儿及婴儿死亡构成占比例较大且呈逐年上升趋势,1～4岁儿童死亡构成比则明显下降。主要死因依次为早产低出生体重、新生儿窒息、意外、肺炎、其他疾病。结论:强化孕产期保健工作,防治早产低出生体重,提高儿科及产科质量,加强妇幼保健知识宣教及儿童安全教育,扩大医疗保障范围是降低5岁以下儿童死亡的重要措施。
Objective: To understand the death of children under 5 years of age in Second People’s Hospital of Longgang District, Shenzhen, analyze the main causes of death and propose interventions. Methods: The data of death reports of children under 5 years of age from 2001 to 2010 in Second People’s Hospital of Longgang District were statistically analyzed, including mortality rate, age composition and the main cause of death. Results: The death rates of newborns, infants and children under 5 were 5.03 ‰, 5.75 ‰ and 6.83 ‰ respectively in 2010, and the mortality rates of all age groups were significantly lower than those of 2001 (P <0.05). The proportions of newborns and infants in the proportion of age constitute a larger proportion and show an upward trend year by year, while the proportion of deaths among children aged 1 to 4 drops significantly. The main causes of death were premature birth, low birth weight, neonatal asphyxia, accidents, pneumonia and other diseases. Conclusion: It is an important measure to reduce the death of children under 5 years of age by strengthening maternal health care, preventing premature birth and low birth weight, improving the quality of pediatric and obstetric education, strengthening MCH knowledge education and child safety education, and expanding medical coverage.