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New saponin 26-O-tert-butyldimethylsiliyl protodiosgenyl β-D-glucopyranoside 1 was synthesized and its cytotoxicity activity in vitro was evaluated by MTT. It showed potent antitumor activity to human cancer cells. E ring and C22-OH play important roles in the antitumor activity of 1. A method to selective removal of acetyl group in the presence of benzoyl group was reported.