一引言在金属热加工行业中,普通应用热挤压工艺。因而,对热挤压冲头的研究,也是人们普遍关心的问题。在工作过程中,热挤压冲头不仅要承受交变的机械载荷,而且有着极其复杂的温度变化,且后者是引起模具热疲劳破坏的主要原因。因此,是冲头结构优化中必须考虑的重要因素。然而,由于挤压过程中热传导的复杂性,以及难以确定冲头工作时的表面温度,使温度场的计算较为困难。以往人们采用经验方法做定性的估计,因此不可能对冲头的温度分布进 An introduction In the metal thermal processing industry, the general application of hot extrusion process. Therefore, the study of hot extrusion punch is also a common concern. In the course of work, hot extrusion punches not only have to withstand alternating mechanical loads, but also have extremely complicated temperature changes, and the latter is the main cause of mold thermal fatigue damage. Therefore, the punch structure optimization must be considered an important factor. However, the calculation of the temperature field is more difficult due to the complexity of heat conduction during extrusion and the difficulty of determining the surface temperature during punch operation. In the past people used empirical methods to make qualitative estimates, so it is impossible to punch the temperature distribution