论文部分内容阅读
一、冶炼技术发展对耐火材料的新要求耐火材料是冶金和其他高温工业必不可少的重要材料。它的发展同各项高温技术的发展有着互相依赖、互相促进的密切关系。如在冶金工业中,十九世纪后期,硅砖的出现使平炉炼钢法从设想成为现实;白云石耐火材料的发明使碱性转炉蓬勃发展起来。近二十余年镁质砖、高铝砖、碳砖等高级耐火材料的发展,为平炉、电炉、高炉等强化冶炼提供了有力保证;现代冶炼新技术,如氧气炼钢、真空冶炼、真空浇铸、新型金属和合金的发展等,没有一项不需要解决耐火材料问题,而且技术要求愈来愈严格、复杂。近代尖端技术要求发展具有不同高温性能、力学性能和某些特殊使用性能的新型耐火材料。总之,没有具有优越高温性能的高级和特殊耐火材料,要想发展现代高温新技术、赶上国际水平是不可能的。
First, the new requirements of the development of smelting technology refractories Refractories are essential materials for metallurgy and other high-temperature industries. Its development is closely interdependent and mutually reinforcing with the development of various high-temperature technologies. As in the metallurgical industry, the advent of silica bricks made the open hearth steelmaking a reality from the vision in the late nineteenth century; the invention of dolomite refractory thrived the basic converter. The development of advanced refractories such as magnesia bricks, high alumina bricks and carbon bricks in recent twenty years has provided a powerful guarantee for intensive smelting of open hearths, electric furnaces and blast furnaces. New modern smelting technologies such as oxygen steelmaking, vacuum smelting, vacuum Casting, the development of new metals and alloys, none of which do not need to solve the refractory problems, and the technical requirements of more stringent and complex. Modern cutting-edge technology requires the development of new refractory materials with different high temperature properties, mechanical properties and certain special properties. In short, without advanced and special refractory materials with superior high-temperature properties, it is impossible to catch up with international standards in order to develop modern high temperature and new technologies.