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范式理论自引入社会科学领域被广泛应用,公共管理领域尤其如此。官僚制行政范式始于理性官僚制和政治行政二分理论,随着古典行政原则的确立达到顶峰。新公共管理是该范式的突破和分化,而民主治理则是公共管理范式的转换和革命。民主治理兴起的直接动力是源于改革和救助官僚制这朵“恶之花”的需要。但在更深层次上,民主治理是议会制民主的超越和代议制民主的补充,涉及民主政治和公共行政的调适和相容性问题。
Paradigm theory has been widely applied since its introduction into the social sciences, especially in the field of public administration. The bureaucratic administrative paradigm began with the dichotomy of rational bureaucracy and political administration, culminating in the establishment of classical administrative principles. The new public management is the breakthrough and differentiation of the paradigm, while the democratic governance is the transformation and revolution of the paradigm of public administration. The direct driving force for the rise of democratic governance stemmed from the need of the “evil flower” of the bureaucracy for reform and relief. However, on a deeper level, democratic governance is the supplement of parliamentary democracy and the supplement of representative democracy, which involves the adjustment and compatibility of democratic politics and public administration.