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【目的】探讨天津市3-6岁儿童血压水平,高血压检出率及主要影响因素,对血压高于正常儿童进行早期干预,更好地控制成年人原发性高血压病,提高儿童健康水平。【方法】采用整群抽样的方法,在全市18个区县共抽取15 940名3-6岁儿童(男8 337人,女7 603人),进行问卷调查并测量血压、身高、体重、头围、胸围等发育指标。血压值位于同性别、同年龄儿童血压值P90-P95,为临界高血压;超过P95,为血压高于正常。【结果】天津市3-6岁儿童高血压检出率为9.4%(男童8.6%,女童10.2%),临界高血压检出率为7.3%(男童8.2%,女童6.4%),其中,肥胖儿童高血压检出率为13.8%,明显高于正常儿童;男女童的收缩压和舒张压均值随年龄增长而增高,各年龄组间差异均有显著性,男女性别间差异亦有显著性,男童收缩压和舒张压均高于同年龄组女童,城区组男女童的收缩压和舒张压均明显高于农村组同性别年龄组儿童。【结论】应将儿童血压测定列为儿童常规体检内容,及早发现血压偏高儿童,连续监测、实施干预是降低成人原发性高血压的重要措施。
【Objective】 To investigate the prevalence of blood pressure and the prevalence of hypertension in 3-6-year-old children in Tianjin, and to make early intervention in patients with hypertension whose blood pressure is higher than that of normal children, so as to better control the essential hypertension in adults and improve their health Level. 【Method】 A total of 15 940 children aged 3-6 years old (8 337 males and 7 603 females) were collected by cluster sampling in 18 districts and counties of the whole city. Questionnaires and blood pressure, height, weight and head were taken Wai, bust and other indicators of development. Blood pressure is located in the same sex, the same age children blood pressure P90-P95, as critical hypertension; more than P95, the blood pressure is higher than normal. 【Results】 The detection rate of hypertension was 9.4% (8.6% for boys and 10.2% for girls) in children aged 3-6 years in Tianjin. The prevalence of critical hypertension was 7.3% (8.2% for boys and 6.4% for girls), among which , And the prevalence of hypertension in obese children was 13.8%, which was significantly higher than that in normal children. The average systolic and diastolic blood pressure of boys and girls increased with age, the differences were significant among all age groups, and there was significant difference between male and female Sex, boys systolic and diastolic blood pressure were higher than girls in the same age group, boys and girls in urban area systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher than the same age group in rural rural children. 【Conclusion】 Children’s blood pressure test should be listed as routine physical examination for children. Early detection of children with high blood pressure should be carried out. Continuous monitoring and intervention are important measures to reduce essential hypertension in adults.