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【目的】研究不同梨砧木实生苗新梢与主干生长动态,以及生长期内叶片、新梢(去叶)及根中矿质营养含量,明确不同梨砧木实生苗在矿质元素含量及生长方面存在的差异。【方法】以白梨中的‘莱阳小香水’(Pyrus bretschnederi‘laiyangxiaoxiangshui’)、山梨(P.ussuriensis‘shanli’)、湖北棠梨(P.betulaefolia‘Hubeitangli’)和河北杜梨(P.betulaefolia‘Hebeiduli’)二年生实生苗为试材,测定了生长期内叶片、新梢(去叶)及根中矿质元素含量和新梢与主干的生长量变化。【结果】‘莱阳小香水’与山梨的新梢生长变化趋势相似,2种杜梨的相似。‘莱阳小香水’与山梨的新梢在6月初停止生长,而2种杜梨在8月初停止生长。新梢长度依次为河北杜梨>湖北棠梨>‘莱阳小香水’>山梨。‘莱阳小香水’主干顶部至8月初停止生长,其株高与河北杜梨相似。叶片中N和K含量以河北杜梨最高,山梨含量最低;叶片和新梢中P的含量在不同梨中相似,根中的略有差异;叶片和新梢中Ca的含量以山梨最高;叶片中Mg的含量以河北杜梨最低。根中除K和Mg外,山梨中其他矿质元素在测定终点值均高于其他实生苗。【结论】2种杜梨新梢生长量明显大于‘莱阳小香水’和山梨,山梨的主干停止生长早,高度明显低于其他三种梨。不同梨实生苗矿质元素含量差异较大,而来源不同的2种杜梨叶片和新梢中N、K、Ca、Fe、Fe、Mn和Zn元素含量相似,变化趋势相同。
【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to study the growth dynamics of shoots and stems of different pear rootstock seedlings, as well as the content of mineral elements in leaves, shoots (new leaves) and roots during the growth period, and determine the mineral elements content and growth of different pear rootstocks difference. 【Method】 The experiment was carried out with “Pyrus bretschnederi’laiyangxiaoxiangshui”, “P.ussuriensis’shanli”, “P.betulaefolia’Hubeitangli” and “P.betulaefolia” ’Hebeiduli’) biennial seedlings were used as test materials to measure the changes of mineral elements content and shoot and trunk growth in leaves, shoots (new leaves) and roots during the growth period. 【Result】 The results showed that there was a similar trend in the growth of shoots of Laiyang Petit Perilla and Yamanashi. ’Lai Yang Scented’ with shoots of Yamanashi stopped growing in early June, while two kinds of pear stopped growing in early August. The order of shoot length was Hebei Pear> Hubei Tongli> Laiyang Small Perfume> Yamanashi. Laiyang small perfume ’trunk top to early August to stop growing, its height and Hebei Du pear similar. The contents of N and K in leaves were the highest in Hebei and the lowest in Yamanashi. The contents of P in leaves and shoots were similar in different pears and slightly in roots. The content of Ca in leaves and shoots was highest in Yamanashi; The content of Mg in Hebei pear lowest. In addition to K and Mg in roots, the other mineral elements in Yamanashi were higher than the other seedlings in determining the end point. 【Conclusion】 The growth of shoots of two kinds of pear cultivars was obviously higher than that of ’Laiyang miniature flowers’ and Yamanashi, and the stems of Yamanashi stopped growing earlier and were significantly lower than the other three kinds of pear. The content of mineral elements in different pear seedlings varied greatly, while the contents of N, K, Ca, Fe, Fe, Mn and Zn in leaves and shoots of two kinds of pear with different sources were similar, with the same changing trend.