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目的了解广东省新生儿乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(HepB)接种率及其影响因素。方法采用分层多阶段随机抽样法,全省分4层,共抽取12个县24个村655名儿童作为对象进行调查。结果HepB全程接种率为85.65%,HepB1及时接种率为48.85%,均与当地的经济水平有关并逐年提高。不同性别、户籍儿童的HepB全程接种率和HepB1及时接种率的差异均无显著的统计学意义。但居住在城市、镇、村以及在市、县、镇医院、家中出生的新生儿,HepB全程接种率和HepB1及时接种率的差异均有非常显著的统计学意义。结论经济状况是影响新生儿HepB接种的重要因素,提高农村产妇住院分娩率,落实分娩医院HepB1及时接种,是提高新生儿HepB接种质量的关键措施。
Objective To understand the HepB vaccination rate and its influencing factors in neonatology in Guangdong Province. Methods A stratified and multi-stage random sampling method was adopted. The province was divided into 4 layers and a total of 655 children from 24 villages in 12 counties were selected for investigation. Results HepB full coverage rate was 85.65%, HepB1 timely vaccination rate was 48.85%, are related to the local economic level and increased year by year. There was no significant difference in HepB vaccination rate and HepB1 timely vaccination rate among children of different genders and registered children. However, the differences in HepB full-time vaccination rates and HepB1 timely immunization rates among cities, towns and villages as well as newborns born at home in cities, counties and towns, and hospitals at home were all statistically significant. Conclusion The economic status is an important factor affecting neonatal HepB vaccination. Improving hospitalized delivery rate of rural males and timely vaccination of HepB1 in delivery hospitals are the key measures to improve the quality of HepB vaccination in neonates.