[目的]证明生活污水中的氨、氯化物、磷对萼花臂尾轮虫具有急性毒害作用,探索利用轮虫来监测水质的方法。[方法]利用24 h标准化急性毒性试验法测定3种毒物在6个试验浓度下对轮虫的毒害作用,设1个对照浓度,每浓度4组重复,各放10个轮虫。[结果]NH4+、Cl-和普通洗衣粉在24 h之内,轮虫全部死亡的最低浓度依次为49.00、4.90和24.00 mg/L,此时的半数死亡(LD50)时间分别为8、6和8 h;全部存活的最高浓度依次为11.50、2.40和1.35 mg/L。当毒物的浓度降低到一定限度时,对轮虫就无急性毒害作用。随着毒物浓度的上升,LD50时间出现的越来越早,轮虫的死亡速度也越来越快。[结论]生活污水中的氨、氯化物、磷对轮虫的影响是随着浓度的增加其死亡率不断上升,半数死亡的时间不断提前,急性致死力不断增强。 [Objective] The study aimed to prove that ammonia, chloride and phosphorus in domestic sewage had an acute toxic effect on Brachemus calyciflorus and to explore methods for monitoring water quality by using rotifer. [Method] The toxic effects of three kinds of poisons on rotifer were determined by 24 h standardization acute toxicity test. One control concentration was set up, and each concentration was repeated in 4 groups with 10 rotifers each. [Result] The lowest concentrations of all rotifers were 49.00, 4.90 and 24.00 mg / L for NH4 +, Cl- and ordinary detergent within 24 h respectively. The LD50 time was 8, 6 and 8 h; the highest concentrations of all survivals were followed by 11.50, 2.40 and 1.35 mg / L. When the poison concentration is reduced to a certain extent, there is no acute toxicity to rotifer. As the concentration of poison increased, LD50 appeared earlier and faster, and rotifer died faster and faster. [Conclusion] The influence of ammonia, chloride and phosphorus in domestic sewage on rotifers was that the mortality increased with the increase of concentration, the time of half of deaths kept ahead and the acute lethal force increased constantly.