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耕地质量等级监测的目的之一是分析某地区耕地等级的主要影响因素,据此为农田基本建设、提高耕地质量提供方向性指导。本文依据吉林省农安县耕地分等结果就耕地等级、土壤和水文要素对理论产能和可实现产能的影响进行了综合分析。结果表明,黑土、黑钙土虽然是比较肥沃的土壤,但其耕地等级并不是最高的,其主要原因是有机质下降和灌溉排水能力差所致。冲积土、水稻土耕地由于水分供应比较充足,耕地等级和产能均比较较高。距离河流不同区域的耕地等级有明显差异,距离河流500 m内耕地等级和产能较高。该结果为农安县耕地整理和农田基本建设有针对性实施提供依据。
One of the purposes of monitoring the quality of cultivated land is to analyze the main influencing factors of the cultivated land in a certain area and provide directional guidance for the construction of farmland and the improvement of cultivated land quality. Based on the results of cultivated land grading in Nong’an County, Jilin Province, this paper analyzes the effects of cultivated land classification, soil and hydrological factors on theoretical productivity and realizable productivity. The results showed that although black soil and calcareous soil were relatively fertile soil, their cultivated land was not the highest in grade. The main reason was the decrease of organic matter and the poor ability of irrigation and drainage. Alluvial soil and paddy soil have a higher level of cultivated land and higher productivity due to adequate water supply. There is a significant difference in cultivated land level in different regions of the river, with a higher level of cultivated land and higher productivity within 500 m of the river. The results provide the basis for the targeted implementation of farmland consolidation and farmland construction in Nong’an County.