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《美国防止诈骗及反黑法》 (RICO) 自1970年由美国国会通过、实施以来,众多黑帮头目和黑帮分子被美国联邦法庭根据这项法律定罪判刑,并被剥夺和没收与其罪相关的一切权利和财产,成效卓著,成为预防和打击黑道组织以经营或从事合法的公司而进行犯罪活动的重要而有力的法律武器。RICO在美国的《联邦法典》中被列入第18编犯罪与刑事诉讼之中,而该编又被全部收入《联邦刑法及刑诉法典》中。第18编的第96章防止诈骗及反黑,英文首字母缩写为RICO,因此又称RICO法,是一项相对独立的专门法律。第96章共有八条规定,按照第18编的统一顺序为第1961至第1968条。鉴于该章节的相对独立性和完整性,在译文中第96章(RICO)称为“本法”,而其中的八条规定列序成第一至第八条,其余则保留了原文的编排体例,即:a、b、c……为款,款下设项1、2、3……,项下为子项A、B、C……等。本文是根据1998年英文版的RICO全文翻译的。
Since the RICO was adopted by the U.S. Congress in 1970, many gang leaders and gangsters have been convicted and sentenced by the U.S. federal courts under this law and have been deprived of and confiscated all crimes related to their crimes Rights and property have achieved outstanding results and have become an important and effective legal weapon for criminal activities in the prevention and crackdown on underworld organizations to run or engage in legitimate businesses. RICO is included in the 18th series of Crimes and Criminal Proceedings in the United States’ Federal Code, which is fully included in the Federal Criminal Code and Criminal Procedure Code. Chapter 18 of Chapter 18 to prevent fraud and anti-triad, the English acronym for RICO, also known as RICO law, is a relatively independent specialized law. There are a total of eight rules in Chapter 96, which are numbered 1961 to 1968 in accordance with the uniform order of Part 18. In view of the relative independence and completeness of the chapter, chapter 96 (RICO) of the translation is referred to as “the present Law” and eight of them set out the first to the eighth lines of the list, while the rest retain the original layout , Namely: a, b, c ... for the section, section under the items 1,2,3 ..., under the sub-items A, B, C ...... and so on. This article is based on the 1998 English version of RICO full-text translation.