随着透析技术的进步及医疗保险的贯彻实施,接受血液透析治疗的终末期肾病(End Stage Renal Disease,ESRD)患者越来越多,生存时间越来越长,ESRD患者的心血管系统、血液系统、骨骼疾病等躯体并发症与体征异常已引起人们的广泛关注,而ESRD患者可能出现的如神经衰弱、焦虑症、抑郁症、恐惧感等精神或神经症候群则容易被忽视。据统计,在普通人群中大约有1.1%～15%的男性和 With the progress of dialysis technology and the implementation of medical insurance, more and more patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) receive hemodialysis treatment and their survival time is longer and longer. The cardiovascular system, blood Somatic and skeletal diseases such as systemic complications and signs of abnormalities have aroused widespread concern, and ESRD patients may appear such as neurasthenia, anxiety, depression, fear and other mental or neurological syndromes are easily overlooked. According to statistics, about 1.1% to 15% of the general population and men