【摘 要】
：
以下标准有助于结论正确性的判断。(1)研究方法及其论证强度:描述性研究论证力最弱,病例对照研究极易产生偏倚,前瞻性队列研究论证能力较强,而随机对照试验的论证力最强。(2
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以下标准有助于结论正确性的判断。(1)研究方法及其论证强度:描述性研究论证力最弱,病例对照研究极易产生偏倚,前瞻性队列研究论证能力较强,而随机对照试验的论证力最强。(2)因果关系的相关性:可用相对危险度(RR)或比数比(OR)来表示。(3)结论的重复性。(4)因与果在时间上有先后关系。(5)存在因果关系的“剂量-效应”梯度。(6)所论证的因果关系与流行病学规律相符合。(7)所论证的因果关系有生
The following criteria help determine the correctness of the conclusions. (1) research methods and the intensity of argumentation: the descriptive power of demonstration research is the weakest, the case-control study is prone to bias, the prospective cohort has strong research and demonstration ability, and the randomized controlled trial has the strongest argumentation force. (2) The correlation of causality: It can be expressed by relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR). (3) the conclusion of the repeatability. (4) Because of the relationship between fruit and time. (5) There is a causal “dose-effect” gradient. (6) demonstrated by the causal relationship with epidemiological laws. (7) demonstrated the causal relationship between life
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