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新常态背景下,我国城市规划研究的重点正在从增量规划向存量规划转变,原来政府主导的、理想蓝图式的规划方法受到挑战。战术城市主义是近年来在国外兴起的一种由个人、社区和市政当局通过短期的、低成本的和小规模的干预方式,促进城市产生长期变化,进而提升城市品质的运动。当前它的影响主要集中在景观设计和城市设计等学科领域,但其思想对我国城市存量规划方法的研究具有重要的借鉴价值和启发意义。现从城市规划学科视角对战术城市主义进行系统解读:首先,通过对战术城市主义概念和产生背景进行梳理,并对战术性城市规划的特征、作用和影响进行总结,构建城市规划视角下战术城市主义研究的理论基础;其次,从战术性城市规划的思维过程、类型做法和城市规划师的作用等三个方面,提出战术性城市规划的操作模式;最后,归纳出战术性城市规划的有效实施必须满足获取多方支持、保障公平参与和明确责任归属等三个条件。
Under the new normal background, the focus of urban planning research in China is changing from incremental planning to stock planning. The original government-led and blueprint-based planning methods are challenged. Tactical urbanism is a movement that has arisen abroad in recent years by individuals, communities and municipalities to promote long-term urban changes and further urban quality through short-term, low-cost and small-scale interventions. At present, its influence mainly concentrates on disciplines such as landscape design and urban design, but its thinking has important reference value and inspiration significance for the study of China’s urban stock planning method. Tactical urbanism is systematically interpreted from the perspective of urban planning: First, by reviewing the concept and background of tactical urbanism, and summarizing the characteristics, roles and impacts of tactical urban planning, we construct a tactical city from the perspective of urban planning The theoretical basis of the research on the tactics of urban planning; secondly, the tactical urban planning mode of operation is proposed from three aspects of the thinking process of the tactical urban planning, the type of practice and the role of the urban planner; finally, the effective implementation of the tactical urban planning The three conditions of obtaining multi-party support, ensuring fair participation and defining the attribution of responsibility must be met.