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马克思政治经济学的主要观点认为,经济是文学的基础,文学也会反映和影响经济。明代是商品经济发展的萌芽时期,是由封建经济过渡到资本主义经济的关键时期,那时的经济发展状况对文学以及文学批评的影响不可小视。而文学对经济政治的影响更是我们无法忽视的因素。尤其我们现在处于社会主义市场经济时期,明代的商品经济对明代文学以及文学批评的影响,都可以给我们当下有一个借鉴以及警示作用,这就是我们今天探讨明代商品经济对明代文学批评的影响的必要性和紧迫性。笔者认为,明代商品经济为明代文学批评提供了接受者和一定的场所,这直接导向了文学内容的变化和读者对文学喜好的转变,更直接影响了文学批评的对文学的导向。使得文学倾向于市井艳词,文学批评也提倡市井艳词。而在这一过程中,文学批评没有担负起其应有的历史批判性,随波逐流,成为明王朝覆灭的催促剂。
The main point of view of Marx’s political economy is that the economy is the basis of literature, and literature will also reflect and influence the economy. The Ming Dynasty was the embryonic period for the development of the commodity economy and it was a crucial period for the transition from the feudal economy to the capitalist economy. At that time, the economic development situation could not ignore the influence of literature and literary criticism. The influence of literature on economic politics is even more a factor that we cannot ignore. In particular, we are now in a period of socialist market economy. The impact of the commodity economy of the Ming Dynasty on the literature and literary criticism of the Ming dynasty can give us a reference and warning role at the moment. This is how we discuss the impact of the commodity economy of the Ming Dynasty on the literary criticism of the Ming Dynasty today. Necessity and urgency. The author believes that the commodity economy of the Ming Dynasty provided the recipients and certain places for the literary criticism of the Ming Dynasty. This directly led to the change of literary content and the reader’s change of literary preferences, and it also directly affected the literary orientation of literary criticism. Makes literature tend to be popular words, and literary criticism also promotes popular words. In this process, literary criticism did not assume its due historical criticality, drifted along and became the urging agent for the destruction of the Ming Dynasty.