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MicroRNA(miRNA)是真核生物中一类长度约为22个核苷酸的参与基因转录后水平调控的非编码小分子单链RNA,它能通过与靶mRNA特异的碱基配对引起靶mRNA的降解或翻译抑制,从而对基因进行转录后的表达调控。目前普遍认为miRNA参与的基因调控是遗传程序中最基本的一步,调控着细胞分化、生长、凋亡、代谢等功能[1]。近年来的研究表明,多种miRNA参与了癌细胞重要的生物过程的调控,间接地起着促癌基因和抑癌基因的功能,在肿瘤的发生和发展过程中发生多种生物学行为,本文就miRNA在乳腺癌中的研究进展作一综述。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding small molecule single-stranded RNAs that are about 22 nucleotides in length involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of a gene in eukaryotes that cause target mRNAs to be specifically targeted by specific base pairing with the target mRNA Degradation or translation inhibition, thus regulating the expression of the gene after transcription. It is generally accepted that miRNAs involved in gene regulation is the most basic step in the genetic program, regulating cell differentiation, growth, apoptosis, metabolism and other functions [1]. Recent studies have shown that many miRNAs are involved in the regulation of important biological processes in cancer cells and function indirectly as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. A variety of biological behaviors occur during the development and progression of tumors. The progress of miRNA in breast cancer is reviewed.