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研究不同管理措施下黑土有机碳、氮组分的变化特征是深刻认识和理解黑土固碳的基础.本文以黑龙江省农业科学院31年的长期定位试验为基础,采用物理分组法对土壤不同粒径颗粒进行分离,分析6种不同施肥处理31年后,黑土表层(0~20 cm)及亚表层(20~40 cm)土壤有机碳、氮在粗砂粒、细砂粒、粉粒及黏粒中的分配与富集特征.结果表明:长期施用有机肥可显著提高土壤有机碳、全氮在粗砂粒和黏粒中的分配比例.在表层土壤,有机无机配施(NPKM)处理下粗砂粒有机碳和全氮的分配比例比对照分别提高191.3%和179.3%,单施有机肥(M)处理下黏粒组分的有机碳和全氮的分配比例分别提高45%和47%.亚表层土壤施用有机肥处理各粒级有机碳、氮含量的提高比例低于表层土壤.在表层和亚表层的粉粒组分中,贮存的有机碳占总储量的42%~63%和48%~54%,全氮占总储量的34%~59%和41%~47%.表层土壤施用有机肥可显著增加粗砂粒中有机碳、氮的富集系数,其中有机肥配施化肥(NPKM)处理富集系数最高(2.30和1.88),而黏粒组分的有机碳、氮富集系数对长期施肥无响应.
Studying on the change characteristics of organic carbon and nitrogen components in black soil under different management measures is the basis for deep understanding and understanding of carbon sequestration in black soil.In this paper, based on 31 years’ long-term positioning experiment of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, After 6 different fertilization treatments for 31 years, the contents of soil organic carbon and nitrogen in the surface layer (0 ~ 20 cm) and subsurface (20 ~ 40 cm) of black soil in coarse grit, fine grit, silt and clay Distribution and enrichment.The results showed that the long-term application of organic manure could significantly increase the distribution of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen in grit and clay.Under topsoil, organic carbon And total nitrogen increased by 191.3% and 179.3% respectively compared with the control, and the ratio of organic carbon and total nitrogen increased by 45% and 47% respectively under the application of organic manure (M). Sub-surface soil application In organic manure treatments, the organic carbon content in all fractions was lower than that in the topsoil, and the contents of organic carbon in the surface and sub-surface fractions accounted for 42% -63% and 48% -54% of the total reserves, respectively Total nitrogen accounts for 34% -59% and 41% -47% of the total reserves Organic manure could significantly increase the enrichment coefficient of organic carbon and nitrogen in coarse grit, of which organic manure application fertilizers (NPKM) had the highest enrichment coefficient (2.30 and 1.88), while the organic carbon and nitrogen enrichment Coefficients do not respond to long-term fertilization.