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【目的】为制定更加合理的灌溉方案，【方法】以稻田生态系统为研究对象，根据江西省余江县试验区的净辐射、土壤热通量等小气候数据及相关农学观测数据，进行了不同时间尺度 3 种蒸散模型（Penman-Monteith、Priestley-Taylor 和 Hargreaves 模型）拟合效果的比较以及蒸散对气象因子的敏感性分析，并研究了灌溉对潜在蒸散的影响。【结果】结果表明，逐日尺度上，Penman-Monteith 模型的拟合效果最优，其次为 Priestley-Taylor 模型，Hargreaves模型较差且低估了实际蒸散值；逐时尺度上，拟合效果较好的是 Penman-Monteith 模型和 Priestley-Taylor 模型。【结论】不同时间尺度，蒸散对各个气象因子的敏感性不同，逐日逐时蒸散对净辐射和水汽压较为敏感。不同灌溉处理，Penman-Monteith 模型潜在蒸散变化显著， Priestley-Taylor 模型变化不明显。
【Objective】 In order to develop a more reasonable irrigation scheme, the paddy field ecosystem was selected as the research object. According to the microclimate data such as net radiation, soil heat flux and other agronomic data in Yujiang County of Jiangxi Province, The comparison of the fitting effects of three evapotranspiration models (Penman-Monteith, Priestley-Taylor and Hargreaves model) and the sensitivity analysis of evapotranspiration to meteorological factors on time scale and the effect of irrigation on potential evapotranspiration were studied. 【Result】 The results show that the Penman-Monteith model has the best fitting effect on a daily scale, followed by the Priestley-Taylor model, the Hargreaves model is poor and the actual evapotranspiration values are underestimated; on the hourly scale, the fitting effect is better Is the Penman-Monteith model and the Priestley-Taylor model. 【Conclusion】 Different time scales have different sensitivities to various meteorological factors. Daily evapotranspiration is more sensitive to net radiation and vapor pressure. Under different irrigation treatments, the Penman-Monteith model has significant changes in potential evapotranspiration and the Priestley-Taylor model does not change significantly.