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关于热力管道散热损失及其保温厚度的计算,是传热学理论中早已研究解决的问题。但是从实践情况来看,我们发现当前所常用的一些实用保温计算方法往往是不能令人满意的。其中有的方法运算过程烦琐,不便于现场使用;有的方法精确性很差,使保温设计造成严重的浪费。例如为《传热学基础》一书所介绍、为现行采暖通风、工业管道、工业锅炉房、给排水、发电厂等多种设计手册和书刊文献所广泛引用的苏联H.H.米海耶夫保温计算公式,其计算误差高达2～3倍以上,却至今仍在被推荐使用并据以编制成专门的图表,因此很有必要加以改革。本文就其中几个问题进行讨论。
The calculation of heat loss and thermal insulation thickness of thermal pipelines is an issue that has long been studied and solved in the theory of heat transfer. However, from the practical point of view, we have found that some of the commonly used practical insulation calculation methods are often unsatisfactory. Some of these methods are computationally arduous and inconvenient for on-site use; some methods have poor accuracy and cause serious waste in thermal design. For example, the HH Mihaiev thermal insulation calculation of the Soviet Union is widely quoted in the book “The Fundamentals of Heat Transfer” and is widely quoted in various design manuals and books and publications such as current heating and ventilation, industrial pipes, industrial boiler rooms, water supply and drainage, and power plants. The formula, whose calculation error is as high as 2 to 3 times, is still recommended and used to be compiled into a special chart, so it is necessary to reform it. This article discusses some of these issues.