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目的探讨间接性鼓膜裂伤的形成机制及其特有的临床表现。方法将20只成年猫随机均分为两组,逐渐加压组和恒压组各10只猫20耳。观察间接性鼓膜裂伤的成伤过程,及穿孔的部位、大小、形状,裂伤区出血状态,外耳道损伤情况等。结果两组猫耳鼓膜破裂部位:80%位于鼓膜紧张部前下。鼓膜破裂大小:逐渐加压组中,95%为<5 mm的穿孔,仅有5%为>5 mm的较大鼓膜穿孔;在恒压组中,40%为>5 mm的鼓膜穿孔,两组比较差异有统计学意义。鼓膜穿孔类型:逐渐加压组中,75%为三角形、20%为条形裂伤,仅有5%为大而不规则裂伤;在恒压组中,有15%为三角、15%为条形裂伤,70%为鼓膜不规则较大穿孔,两组比较差异有统计学意义。两组猫耳中95%的裂孔边缘粗糙,边缘出血量少,外耳道无损伤。结论间接性鼓膜裂伤的形成与致伤力大小、鼓膜个体差异、鼓膜自身结构特点密切相关。间接性鼓膜裂伤与直接鼓膜裂伤的形成有着明显差别。
Objective To investigate the formation mechanism of indirect tympanic membrane laceration and its special clinical manifestations. Methods Twenty adult cats were randomly divided into two groups. Ten dogs in each group were gradually inflated with 20% of normal pressure. Observe the traumatic injury process of indirect tympanic membrane laceration, as well as the site, size, shape of the perforation, the bleeding status of the lacerated area and the injury of the external auditory canal. Results Two groups of cat eardrum rupture: 80% in the front of the tympanic membrane tension. Tympanic membrane rupture size: In the gradual compression group, 95% of <5 mm perforation, only 5% of the larger tympanic membrane perforation> 5 mm; in the constant pressure group, 40%> 5 mm tympanic membrane perforation, two The difference between the two groups was statistically significant. Tympanic membrane perforation type: gradual compression group, 75% of the triangle, 20% of the strip-shaped laceration, only 5% of large and irregular lacerations; in the constant pressure group, 15% of the triangle, 15% Striped laceration, 70% of the tympanic membrane irregular larger perforation, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant. 95% of the two groups of cat ears in the rough edge of the hole, bleeding less edge, no damage to the external auditory canal. Conclusion The formation of indirect tympanic membrane laceration is closely related to the size of injury, the individual differences of tympanic membrane and the structure of tympanic membrane itself. Indirect tympanic membrane laceration and the formation of direct tympanic membrane laceration there is a clear difference.