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目的对河南省宝丰县碘缺乏病(IDD)健康教育干预前的基线调查和干预措施实施1年的效果评价,评估IDD健康教育措施的效果。方法采用分层随机化的方法选择干预组和对照组,进行干预前、后的比较分析。结果干预组小学生IDD防治知识知晓率由干预前的62.56%提高到干预后的95.78%,家庭主妇从61.17%提高到93.17%;碘盐覆盖率从91.00%提高到99.67%;居民户合格碘盐食用率由88.17%提高到97.67%;小学生尿碘值小于50μg/L和小于100μg/L的比例由8.7%和16.8%下降到0和1.8%。小学生甲状腺肿大率由4.83%下降到4.00%。对照组上述指标干预前后比较均无统计学意义。干预后干预组与对照组比较小学生甲状腺肿大率无统计学意义,其它均有统计学意义。结论健康教育干预可有效提高小学生和家庭主妇的IDD防治知识知晓率。同时使居民户碘盐覆盖率和合格碘盐食用率均明显上升。使小学生尿碘值小于50μg/L和小于100μg/L的比例明显下降。
Objective To evaluate the effect of IDD health education intervention on baseline surveys and interventions in Baofeng County of Henan Province for one year and evaluate the effect of IDD health education measures. Methods The stratified randomized method was used to select the intervention group and the control group, and the comparative analysis before and after the intervention was made. Results The awareness rate of prevention and treatment of IDD in intervention group was increased from 62.56% before intervention to 95.78% after intervention, the number of housewives increased from 61.17% to 93.17%, the coverage of iodized salt increased from 91.00% to 99.67% The percentage of primary school pupils with urinary iodine values of less than 50μg / L and less than 100μg / L decreased from 8.7% and 16.8% to 0 and 1.8%, respectively, from 88.17% to 97.67%. Goiter goiter rate decreased from 4.83% to 4.00%. There was no significant difference in the above indexes before and after the intervention in the control group. Compared with the control group, the intervention group and the control group had no statistically significant goiter rate after intervention, the others had statistical significance. Conclusion Health education intervention can effectively improve the awareness of IDD prevention and control among primary school students and housewives. At the same time, the coverage of iodized salt and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt in residential area increased significantly. So that primary urinary iodine value of less than 50μg / L and less than 100μg / L significantly decreased the proportion of.