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目的探讨消栓颗粒对缺氧缺血性脑损伤(HIBD)新生大鼠神经细胞凋亡及学习能力的影响。方法 7日龄SD新生大鼠36只,随机分为假手术组、治疗组和HIBD组,每组12只。治疗组和HIBD组参照Yager法建立HIBD模型,治疗组灌服消栓颗粒(8 g·kg-1,1次·d-1),HIBD组及假手术组灌服等量9 g·L-1盐水。造模第14天行水迷宫测试,评估3组大鼠的空间学习记忆能力;之后断头取出脑组织,光镜下观察3组大鼠左侧大脑半球病理形态学变化,比较3组的病理评分;脱氧核糖核酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记法(TUNEL法)检测3组大鼠海马CA1神经细胞凋亡情况。结果假手术组、HIBD组及治疗组水迷宫训练次数分别为5.83±1.11、12.91±1.56、7.58±1.24,3组两两比较均具有统计学差异(Pa<0.01);病理形态学观察,假手术组大部分未见明显病变,HIBD组大鼠脑组织变性、坏死显著,治疗组仅表现为局灶性神经细胞变性;病理学评分假手术组显著低于治疗组及HIBD组(Pa<0.01),治疗组低于HIBD组(P<0.01);TUNEL法显示,假手术组海马CA1区可见少量神经细胞凋亡,治疗组神经细胞凋亡数比HIBD组明显减少,3组间两两比较均具有统计学差异(Pa<0.01)。结论消栓颗粒可减轻HIBD新生大鼠的脑损伤,提高其空间学习记忆能力,其机制可能为消栓颗粒可抑制HIBD新生大鼠神经细胞凋亡。
Objective To investigate the effect of Xiaoshang Granule on neuronal apoptosis and learning ability in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD). Methods Thirty-six SD neonatal rats of 7 days old were randomly divided into sham operation group, treatment group and HIBD group, with 12 rats in each group. HIBD model was established by Yager method in treatment group and HIBD group. The treatment group was given Xiaoxiao Xiaoli granule (8 g · kg -1,1 d -1), while the HIBD group and sham operation group were fed the same dosage of 9 g · L- 1 brine. The rats in each group were sacrificed on the 14th day after the rats were sacrificed. The rats were sacrificed on the 14th day. The rats were sacrificed and their brain tissues were removed. The histopathological changes in the left hemisphere of the three groups were observed under light microscope. The apoptosis of hippocampal CA1 neurons in three groups was detected by TUNEL method. Results The numbers of water maze training in sham operation group, HIBD group and treatment group were 5.83 ± 1.11, 12.91 ± 1.56 and 7.58 ± 1.24, respectively, with statistical significance (P <0.01). Pathological observation, Most of the operation group had no obvious pathological changes. The brain degeneration and necrosis in HIBD group were significant. The treatment group showed only focal degeneration of nerve cells. The pathological score in sham operation group was significantly lower than that in the treatment group and HIBD group (P <0.01) ) In treatment group was lower than that in HIBD group (P <0.01). TUNEL assay showed that a small amount of neuronal apoptosis was observed in CA1 area of hippocampus in sham-operation group, and the number of apoptotic nerve cells in treatment group was significantly lower than that in HIBD group All with statistical difference (Pa <0.01). Conclusion Xiao Shuan granules can reduce brain damage in HIBD newborn rats and improve its spatial learning and memory ability. Its mechanism may be that Xiaoshang granules can inhibit neuronal apoptosis in HIBD neonatal rats.