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本文讨论发展政策的目标,指出这些政策目标多年以来是如何变化的,并且特别关注近来引起重视的贫困削减问题。本文还探讨了经济增长和削减贫困之间的关系。接下来,从增长必须是环境意义上可持续的告诫出发,本文讨论了如何取得经济的增长,并进而回到市场机制与政府在配置社会生产资源时各自的角色这个重大问题上来。随后,本文讨论经济改革是如何推行的,以及相应出现的政治阻力。本文的结论是:正确的发展政策有可能帮助成千上万人脱贫。
This article discusses the goals of development policies and points out how these policy goals have changed over the years, paying particular attention to the issue of poverty reduction that has gained some attention recently. This article also explores the relationship between economic growth and poverty reduction. Next, starting with the caveat that growth must be environmentally sustainable, the paper discusses how to achieve economic growth and then back to the major issue of market mechanisms and the role of government in allocating social productive resources. After that, this article discusses how economic reforms are implemented and the corresponding political resistance. The conclusion of this paper is that the right development policies may help lift tens of thousands of people out of poverty.