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目的探讨艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染后,外周血肠道归巢CD8+T淋巴细胞(简称CD8细胞)及其功能亚群的变化特点。方法选取85例符合诊断标准的无症状HIV感染者:治疗前43例,治疗后42例,同时选取45例健康对照。采用流式细胞表面染色及全血胞内细胞因子染色方法,使用BD FACSCanto流式细胞仪检测各项指标,FACSDiva软件分析肠道归巢α4+β7+RO+CD8+T细胞及其功能亚群Tc1和Tc17的变化,比较各组之间的差异。结果未治疗组HIV感染者外周血肠道归巢α4+β7+RO+CD8+T细胞表达百分比及绝对值均显著上升,高于健康对照[(14.74±7.74)%vs(5.53±2.66)%,P<0.001;(96.19±68.92)个/μL vs(24.59±9.48)个/μL,P<0.001]。经抗病毒治疗后,肠道归巢α4+β7+RO+CD8+T细胞的百分比可部分下降,与健康对照组相比差异无统计学意义[(6.91±5.37)%vs(5.53±2.66)%,P=0.100],但绝对值仍显著高于健康对照[(49.35±44.23)个/μL vs(24.59±9.48)个/μL,P<0.001];HIV感染后α4+β7+RO+Tc1细胞的百分比及绝对值均显著增高[(86.48±12.59)%vs(73.66±14.60)%,P<0.001;(91.50±65.97)个/μL vs(20.97±9.73)个/μL,P<0.001],抗病毒后α4+β7+RO+Tcl的百分比和绝对值均显著下降,但仍明显高于健康人[(82.59±13.03)%vs(73.66±14.60)%,P<0.001;(40.51±65.97)个/μL vs(37.00±9.73)个/μL,P<0.001];而α4+β7+RO+Tc17细胞百分比在HIV感染后显著降低,与健康对照比差异有统计学意义[(1.08±1.59)%vs(4.51±3.41)%,P<0.001];抗病毒治疗后可恢复至正常水平,与健康对照相比无显著差异[(2.99±2.28)%vs(4.51±3.41)%,P=0.091),但α4+β7+RO+Tc17绝对值在治疗前后无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论外周血α4+β7+RO+CD8+T细胞作为可以间接反应肠道CD8细胞变化的可靠指标,在HIV感染后显著增高,而其功能亚群则出现平衡紊乱,在HIV致病机制中可能起重要作用,对其变化特点的追踪可以为疗效监测及疫苗研究提供重要的循环标志。
Objective To investigate the changes of CD8 + T lymphocytes (CD8 cells) and their functional subsets in homing of the intestine after HIV infection. Methods Eighty-five asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals were selected according to diagnostic criteria: 43 cases before treatment, 42 cases after treatment, and 45 healthy controls at the same time. Flow cytometry and whole-cell cytokine staining were used to detect the indexes of BD FACSCanto flow cytometry. FACSDiva software was used to analyze the expression of α4 + β7 + RO + CD8 + T cells and their functional subsets Tc1 and Tc17 changes, comparing the differences between the groups. Results The percentages and absolute values of α4 + β7 + RO + CD8 + T cells in hVGV of untreated patients were significantly higher than those in healthy controls [(14.74 ± 7.74)% vs (5.53 ± 2.66)% , P <0.001; (96.19 ± 68.92) cells / μL vs (24.59 ± 9.48) cells / μL, P <0.001). The percentage of α4 + β7 + RO + CD8 + T cells in the homing of the intestine was partly decreased after antiviral treatment, with no significant difference compared with the healthy control group [(6.91 ± 5.37)% vs (5.53 ± 2.66) %, P = 0.100], but the absolute value was still significantly higher than that of the healthy controls [(49.35 ± 44.23) / μL vs (24.59 ± 9.48) /μL, P <0.001]; α4 + β7 + RO + Tc1 The percentage and absolute value of cells were significantly higher than that of the control group [(86.48 ± 12.59)% vs (73.66 ± 14.60)%, P <0.001; (91.50 ± 65.97) / μL vs (20.97 ± 9.73) / μL, P <0.001) , And the percentage and absolute value of α4 + β7 + RO + Tcl after antivirus were significantly decreased, but still significantly higher than that of healthy people [(82.59 ± 13.03)% vs (73.66 ± 14.60)%, P <0.001; (40.51 ± 65.97 ) Cells / μL vs (37.00 ± 9.73) cells / μL, P <0.001], while the percentage of α4 + β7 + RO + Tc17 cells was significantly lower after HIV infection than the healthy controls [(1.08 ± 1.59 ) vs (4.51 ± 3.41)%, P <0.001]. After antiviral therapy, the levels returned to normal levels (2.99 ± 2.28 vs 4.51 ± 3.41%, P = 0.091), but the absolute value of α4 + β7 + RO + Tc17 had no significant change before and after treatment (P> 0.05). Conclusion As a reliable indicator of the indirect changes of intestinal CD8 cells, the levels of α4 + β7 + RO + CD8 + T cells in peripheral blood are significantly increased after HIV infection and their functional subsets appear to be imbalanced in the pathogenesis of HIV Plays an important role in tracking changes in its characteristics can provide an important circular marker for efficacy monitoring and vaccine research.