前言工业余热的开发利用是节约能源的一个重要环节。在工业余热中,200℃以下的低温余热占很大比例。据美国1970年对工业余热的统计,低于200℃的余热占63%强。我国的化工,冶金电力等部门都是用能的大户,能耗大,余热多。仅以对全国27个炼油、化工企业的不完全统计,可利用的余热资源就约有1.05×10~(13)千卡/年,合150万吨标准煤。由此可见,面广量大 Foreword The development and utilization of industrial waste heat is an important part of energy conservation. In industrial waste heat, low temperature residual heat below 200°C accounts for a large proportion. According to statistics on industrial waste heat in the United States in 1970, residual heat below 200°C accounted for 63%. China’s chemical industry, metallurgical power and other sectors are large energy users, with large energy consumption and high residual heat. With only incomplete statistics on 27 oil refineries and chemical companies across the country, the available waste heat resources are about 1.05×10~13 kcal/year, and 1.5 million tons of standard coal. From this we can see that