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本文就最近5年来世界高粱的栽培特点及其发展趋势进行了综述。作者认为,世界高粱的栽培特点是:1.注重抗性品种的选育。国外在进行高产育种和品质育种的同时,更加注重具有高产、稳产和优质特点的抗性育种。2.科学施肥、合理灌水,推广间套混作。高粱栽培的化学化(化肥、农药、除草剂)今后将呈稳定发展趋势。国外在扩大灌水面积的同时,更加注重提高水的利用率。喷灌是一种有助于节水、保肥、防止土壤冲刷和盐渍化的先进的灌水制度。实行间套混作能够趋利避害、稳产保收。3.综合防治病虫害和杂草。其综合防治措施包括抗病育种、抗虫育种、农业技术和生物防治、药剂防治和种子消毒等。据预测,在今后一段时间内,世界高粱的栽培面积将基本稳定,但单产和总产将会持续增长。
In this paper, the characteristics of the world sorghum cultivation in recent 5 years and their development trends are reviewed. The author believes that the characteristics of the world’s sorghum cultivation are: 1. Pay attention to breeding of resistant varieties. While conducting high-yield breeding and quality breeding abroad, foreign countries pay more attention to resistant breeding with high yield, stable yield and high quality. 2. Scientific fertilization, irrigation, promote intercropping. The chemicalization of sorghum (chemical fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides) will show a steady trend in the future. While expanding the area of irrigation, foreign countries pay more attention to water utilization. Sprinkler irrigation is an advanced irrigation system that helps save water, keep fertilizer, prevent soil erosion and salinization. Intercropping mixed practice to avoid disadvantages, stable yield. 3. Comprehensive control of pests and weeds. Its comprehensive prevention and control measures include disease-resistant breeding, insect breeding, agricultural technology and biological control, chemical control and seed disinfection. It is predicted that in the near future, the world sorghum cultivation area will be basically stable, but yields and total output will continue to grow.