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传统的公司法理论将公司经理与股东的关系界定为代理关系,公司法以此为基础建立了公司经理法律制度。但是随着现代公司股权日趋分散以及知识经济的发展,基于代理关系设计的股东对经理的监督制约机制已经失灵。代理理论不仅对现实中的“经理革命”浪潮无所适从,还对经理作为公司核心人力资本所有者的地位熟视无睹。因此,有必要重新界定公司经理与股东的关系。公司契约理论和人力资本理论为此提供了新的视角。将公司经理与股东之间的关系界定为契约关系,更有利于构建回应“经理革命”和知识经济的公司经理法律制度。
The traditional theory of corporate law defines the relationship between the manager and the shareholder as the agency relationship, and the company law establishes the legal system of the manager as the basis. However, with the increasingly decentralized shareholding of modern companies and the development of knowledge-based economy, the supervisory and regulatory mechanism for managers based on the agency relationship design has failed. The theory of agency not only ignores the reality of the “manager revolution” wave but also turns a blind eye to the manager’s position as the owner of the company’s core human capital. Therefore, it is necessary to redefine the relationship between corporate managers and shareholders. Company contract theory and human capital theory provide a new perspective for this purpose. The relationship between the manager and the shareholders is defined as the contractual relationship, which is more conducive to building the legal system of the company manager responding to the “manager revolution” and the knowledge economy.