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microRNAs(miRNAs)是一类大小约21～25 nt、广泛存在于真核生物中的非编码小分子RNA,由约70～90个碱基大小的、具有发夹结构的单链RNA前体经过Dicer酶加工后生成。它们在真核生物基因调控中起着重要作用,广泛参与细胞增殖、分化、发育、代谢、凋亡等多种生理活动。miRNA也广泛参与寄生虫发育过程的生理代谢过程,而与寄生虫侵袭宿主相关的关键miRNA尚乏见报道。本文就目前常用的miRNA研究分析方法及其在寄生虫学研究中的研究进展作一综述。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, non-coding RNAs that are approximately 21-25 nt in size and exist extensively in eukaryotes. They are composed of a single-stranded RNA precursor with a hairpin structure of about 70-90 bases Dicer enzyme generated after processing. They play an important role in the regulation of eukaryotic genes and are widely involved in various physiological activities such as cell proliferation, differentiation, development, metabolism, apoptosis and the like. MiRNAs are also widely involved in the physiological metabolic processes of the parasite development. However, there are few reports about the key miRNAs associated with parasitic hosts. This review summarizes the current methods of miRNA research and analysis and their progress in the study of parasitology.