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目的 评价碘摄入量变化对甲亢发病率的影响。方法 用学龄儿童尿碘水平作为碘摄入改变的客观指标 ,回顾性观察一大型企业在食盐加碘前后共 5年期间甲亢发病率变化。结果 食盐加碘后尿碘中位数由 6 4.5 μg/L上升到 2 31.0 μg/L。加碘前 2年甲亢发病率分别为 11.8和 8.2 /10万人年〔95 %可信区间 (CI) :6 .2～ 2 1.0和 3 .4～ 15 .8〕 ,加碘后 3年依次为 2 2 .2 ,34.2和 31.4/ 10万人年 (95 %CI :13 .8～ 33.2 ,2 3.5～ 47.5和 2 1.0～ 44 .0 )。加碘后人群甲亢发病的相对危险度 (RR)亦增加。结论 随着碘摄入量增加 ,甲亢发病率增高 ,这与发达国家补碘的经历相似。目前在研究地区的碘摄入水平对人群仍然是安全的 ,但对某些个体应避免过多的碘摄入。
Objective To evaluate the influence of iodine intake on the incidence of hyperthyroidism. Methods Urinary iodine levels of school-age children as objective indicators of changes in iodine intake, a retrospective review of hyperthyroidism in a large enterprise before and after salt iodization over a 5-year period. Results After iodized salt, the median urinary iodine increased from 6 4.5 μg / L to 231.0 μg / L. The incidence of hyperthyroidism was 11.8 and 8.2 per 100,000 person-years [95% confidence interval (CI): 6.2-2.0 and 3.4-4.8, respectively] 2 years before iodine treatment, and 3 years after iodine treatment Were 22.2, 34.2 and 31.4 / 100,000 person-years (95% CI: 13.8 to 33.2, 23.5 to 47.5 and 2 1.0 to 44.0). The relative risk (RR) of hyperthyroidism also increased after iodization. Conclusion With the increase of iodine intake, the incidence of hyperthyroidism increased, similar to the experience of iodine supplementation in developed countries. The current level of iodine intake in the study area remains safe for the population, but excessive iodine intake should be avoided for some individuals.