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目的评价和比较2012年和2013年我国“农村义务教育学生营养改善计划”(以下简称“农村学生营养改善计划”)不同供餐模式学生餐的营养素供应情况,为开展营养干预措施提供依据。方法采用称重记账法对2012年3 910所和2013年5 523所实施“农村学生营养改善计划”的学校食堂食物供应情况进行调查。结果实施“农村学生营养改善计划”1 a后,食堂供餐学校的能量、蛋白质、维生素A、维生素C、钙、铁、锌均高于2012年(Z值分别为-4.059,-2.665,-6.051,-2.387,-2.660,-3.900,-3.888,P值均<0.05),企业供餐学校的蛋白质、钙和锌人均供应量均高于2012年(Z值分别为-2.797,-7.048,-6.013,P值均<0.01)。采用多水平混合效应模型分析发现,食堂供餐模式学校的人均膳食能量、维生素A、维生素C和铁供应量均高于企业供餐学校,分别高196.20 kcal,84.42μg RE,29.17 mg和3.65 mg;但企业供餐模式学校的人均钙和锌供应量高于食堂供餐学校,分别高246.56 mg和2.72 mg,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。结论实施“农村学生营养改善计划”1 a后,学校的人均能量和营养素供应情况普遍提高,且存在供餐模式间的差异。各学校应结合自身情况,因地制宜地选择供餐模式和供餐食物。
Objective To evaluate and compare the nutrient supply of students’ meals in different feeding modes in 2012 and 2013 in China’s Rural Compulsory Education Student Nutrition Improvement Program (hereinafter referred to as “Rural Student Nutrition Improvement Program”), in order to carry out nutrition interventions Provide evidence. Methods The bookkeeping method was used to investigate the food supply situation of school canteens in 3 910 places in 2012 and 5 523 places implemented in 2013. “Rural Students Nutrition Improvement Program”. Results The energy, protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, iron and zinc in canteen schools were all higher than those in 2012 (Z values were -4.059 and -2.665, respectively) after implementing “Rural Students Nutrition Improvement Program” , -6.051, -2.387, -2.660, -3.900, -3.888, P <0.05). The per capita supply of protein, calcium and zinc in enterprises catering schools were all higher than those in 2012 (Z values were -2.797 and - 7.048, -6.013, P <0.01). Based on the multi-level mixed effects model, we found that the per capita dietary energy, vitamin A, vitamin C and iron supply in the canteen school were all higher than those in the school schools, which were 196.20 kcal, 84.42μg RE, 29.17 mg and 3.65 mg . However, the per capita supply of calcium and zinc in school-fed schools was higher than canteen schools by 246.56 mg and 2.72 mg, respectively, with significant differences (P <0.05). Conclusion After the implementation of “Rural Student Nutrition Improvement Program” 1 a, the per capita energy and nutrient supply in schools generally increases, and there are differences in the mode of feeding. Schools should be based on their own circumstances, according to local conditions to choose the mode of feeding and food.