仁慈是亚当·斯密德性论的四种基本德性之一,它与正义都是促进他人幸福的德性。亚当·斯密的仁慈德性呈现出内在矛盾,这种内在矛盾主要体现在两个方面:1.斯密对仁慈德性的价值评价和其社会作用不对称;2.仁慈德性的自愿性与强制性的内在冲突。斯密仁慈德性的这种内在矛盾给现代社会的发展带来了诸多启示。 Kindness is one of the four basic virtues of Adam Smith’s theory of virtue, both of which are rituals that promote the happiness of others. Adam Smith’s inner virtue shows the inner contradictions. The inner contradiction is mainly reflected in two aspects: 1.Smith’s value evaluation of merciful virtue and its social role are asymmetric; 2. The voluntary nature of mercy And mandatory internal conflicts. The inner contradictions of Smith’s kindness have brought many enlightenments to the development of modern society.