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目的了解兰州市西固区大气污染对小学生肺通气功能的影响。方法于2013年9—11月,采用随机整群抽样的方法抽取兰州市西固区和榆中县的1 499名3~6年级小学生(西固区672名,榆中县827名)为研究对象,进行肺功能测定和问卷调查。结果 2013年西固区大气SO_2、NO_2、CO、PM2.5、PM10日均浓度高于榆中县,西固区大气PM2.5、PM10超标率高于榆中县,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与榆中县相比,西固区小学生FFEVl%、FEV1/FVC%的均值分别降低4.64%和9.97%,肺功能异常及阻塞性肺通气功能障碍发生的OR值分别为1.528和2.713,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析调整混杂因素后,西固区小学生肺功能异常及阻塞性肺通气功能障碍发生的危险性是榆中县的1.704、3.392倍(P<0.05)。结论西固区小学生肺功能下降,主要表现为阻塞性肺通气功能障碍,可能与该地区较严重的大气污染有关。
Objective To understand the influence of air pollution in Xigu District of Lanzhou City on the pulmonary function of pupils. Methods From September to November in 2013, 1,499 pupils from grades 3 to 6 (672 in Xigu District and 827 in Yuzhong County) were studied by random cluster sampling method in Xigu District and Yuzhong County, Lanzhou City. Subjects, pulmonary function tests and questionnaires. Results In 2013, the daily SO2, NO2, CO, PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations in Xigugo were higher than that in Yuzhongxun and PM2.5 and PM10 in Xigu District were higher than that in Yuzhong, with significant difference (P <0.05) . Compared with Yuzhong County, the mean values of FFEVl% and FEV1 / FVC% of primary school students in Xigu District decreased by 4.64% and 9.97%, respectively. The OR of pulmonary dysfunction and obstructive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction were 1.528 and 2.713, respectively There was statistical significance (P <0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted the confounding factors. The risk of lung dysfunction and obstructive pulmonary dysfunction among primary school students in Xigang was 1.704 and 3.92 times higher than that in Yuzhong County (P <0.05). Conclusion The pupils in Xigu District have decreased lung function, which is mainly manifested as obstructive pulmonary ventilation dysfunction, which may be related to the more serious air pollution in this area.