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目的了解室内空气中PM2.5的污染程度及影响因素。方法 2015年1~12月随机选择莱芜市4个不同功能区的住宅、商场、写字楼3个室内监测点和1个室外监测点,采用重量法测定PM2.5的质量浓度。每月连续监测1周,每天连续采样24h,连续监测12个月。结果住宅、商场、写字楼室内空气PM2.5浓度明显低于室外(P<0.05);住宅、商场、写字楼、室外空气PM2.5浓度高于75μm/m3的比例分别为43.15%、41.07%、39.29%、62.20%。月均PM2.5浓度具有2~3月(冬季)最高、7~8月(夏季)最低的特点。4个不同功能区间PM2.5浓度存在显著性差异(P<0.05),PM2.5浓度由低到高依次为生态旅游区、高新技术开发区、燃煤电厂区、钢铁产业区。结论室内空气污染较为严重,室内空气中PM2.5浓度与室外浓度关系密切,季节性变化明显,呈现冬季较高夏季较低的特点。
Objective To understand the pollution degree and influencing factors of PM2.5 in indoor air. Methods From January to December 2015, three indoor monitoring stations and one outdoor monitoring station of residential, shopping mall and office building in 4 different functional areas of Laiwu were selected at random. The mass concentration of PM2.5 was determined by gravimetric method. Continuous monitoring for 1 week each month, continuous sampling 24 hours a day, continuous monitoring of 12 months. Results The concentrations of PM2.5 in residential, shopping mall and office buildings were significantly lower than those in the outdoors (P <0.05). The concentrations of PM2.5 in residential, shopping mall, office buildings and outdoor air were higher than 75μm / m3, 43.15%, 41.07%, 39.29 %, 62.20%. The average monthly PM2.5 concentrations were the highest in February-March (winter) and the lowest in July-August (summer). There were significant differences in PM2.5 concentration among 4 different functional zones (P <0.05). PM2.5 concentrations from low to high were ecotourism zone, high-tech development zone, coal-fired power plant zone and steel industry zone in turn. Conclusion The indoor air pollution is more serious. The concentration of PM2.5 in indoor air is closely related to the outdoor concentration. The seasonal variation is obvious, showing the characteristics of lower winter in summer and lower in summer.