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前言从1950年末至1960年初,美国南方铁路购置了一大批90.7t铝合金棚车,这种车使用915mm(36in)AAR H36型一次磨耗辗钢轮。大约使用五年、运行241395km以后,这批车轮的轮辋开始出现剥离,其破损率高于一般的车轮。对车轮损坏进行的分析发现,车轮损坏的方式都一样,疲劳破裂产生于轮辋外侧1/3区域内,深度约6.4mm,裂纹由外侧面向里扩展。这种轮辋破损并非由于非金属夹杂造成,而是因为踏面磨耗后工作应力增大导致疲劳破坏。 1969年,北美铁路协会轮轴委员会对12条铁路的915mm一次磨耗轮破损方式的采样统计如下: 发生轮辋剥离的车轮轮辋平均厚度为
Foreword From late 1950 to early 1960, the United States Southern Railway acquired a large number of 90.7t aluminum box car, the car uses a 915mm (36in) AAR H36-type one-time wear roller. After about five years of operation, after running 241395 km, the rims of these wheels began to peel off, resulting in higher damage rates than ordinary wheels. Analysis of the wheel damage found that the wheels were broken in the same way, resulting in fatigue cracking in the outer 1/3 zone of the rim with a depth of about 6.4 mm, with the crack expanding inwardly from the outside. This rim damage is not due to non-metallic inclusions, but because tread wear increased work stress leading to fatigue damage. In 1969, North American RAA Axle Committee sampled the 915mm primary wear wheel wear pattern of 12 railway tracks as follows: The average wheel rim thickness at which the rim was peeled off was