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在畦灌过程中,畦田地形或微地形条件对灌溉效果影响很大。保护性耕作技术在华北平原的大面积推广改变了畦田地表结构状态。本研究提出畦面结构这一概念,并深入分析了三种畦面结构下的畦灌:平作畦灌(BSI),微垄沟灌(BFI),细沟灌(RI);田间试验和WinSRFR3.1模型相结合评估了不同畦面结构对畦灌水流过程和效果的影响,探索畦面结构对畦灌的影响机制。结果表明,WinSRFR3.1模型可以用来模拟微垄沟灌和细沟灌,平作畦灌、微垄沟灌和细沟灌的水流过程和灌溉效果各不相同。平作畦灌入渗速率最快而微垄沟灌入渗速率最慢;平作畦灌田面水流推进最慢而微垄沟灌田面水流推进最快;这两个过程综合作用导致平作畦灌灌溉效果最差而微垄沟灌灌溉效果最佳。不同畦面结构是灌溉效果差异的主要原因。畦面结构是畦灌系统中影响畦灌效果的重要因子。
In the process of irrigation, the topography or topography of topography has a great influence on the irrigation effect. The large-scale popularization of conservation tillage technology in the North China Plain has changed the state of the earth’s surface structure. In this study, the concept of noodle structure was proposed and the effects of three types of noodle structure were analyzed: BSI, BFI and RI; field experiments and WinSRFR3.1 model The effects of different noodles structure on the process and effect of water flow were analyzed to explore the mechanism of noodle structure on the irrigation. The results show that the WinSRFR3.1 model can be used to simulate the furrow irrigation and the furrow irrigation. The water flow and irrigation effect of the furrow irrigation and the furrow irrigation are different. The flat infiltration rate is the fastest and the furrow infiltration rate is the slowest in the furrow irrigation. The water flow in the flat furrow irrigation is the slowest while that in the furrow furrow irrigation is the fastest. The combined effect of these two processes results in the worst furrow irrigation effect and the furrow irrigation Irrigation best. Different noodles structure is the main reason for the difference in irrigation effect. The noodle structure is an important factor in the irrigation system that affects the irrigation effect.