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目的 了解上海地区腹泻儿童中轮状病毒感染的情况。方法 收集复旦大学儿科医院1 999年 1 1月至 2 0 0 1年 1 2月住院的腹泻病儿童粪便标本 1 2 30份 ,采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)法和酶联免疫吸附法 (ELISA)检测轮状病毒。结果 1 2 30份粪便标本中 ,493份检测到A组轮状病毒RNA基因组 ,阳性检出率为 40 1 % ,未发现B组及C组轮状病毒。其中RNA长型有397份 ( 80 5 % ) ,短型有 5 5份 ( 1 1 2 % ) ,混合型有 1 8份 ( 3 7% ) ,RNA部分降解未能分型有 2 3份( 4 7% )。对 471份有明确编号的轮状病毒阳性标本来源的患儿分析显示 ,平均发病年龄 1 4 2个月 ,社区感染 32 0例 ( 67 9% ) ,院内感染 1 5 1例 ( 32 1 % ) ,5岁以下儿童占 464例 ( 98 7% ) ,3个月至2岁儿童 369例 ( 78 3% )。 3年冬季 1 1月份与 1 2月份轮状病毒阳性检出率均达到 5 0 %以上。结论 A组轮状病毒是上海地区 5岁以下住院儿童腹泻病的主要病原 ,3月龄至 2岁婴幼儿是轮状病毒的易感人群 ,以冬季 1 1月份至 1 2月份为流行高峰 ,基因组以长型为主。
Objective To understand the rotavirus infection in children with diarrhea in Shanghai. Methods A total of 1202 stool samples of children with diarrhea admitted to Children’s Hospital of Fudan University from January 1999 to January 2001 were collected and analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect rotavirus. Results Among the 1230 stool specimens, 493 rotavirus RNAs of group A were detected. The positive rate was 40.1%. No group B and C rotavirus were detected. Among them, 397 (80.5%) were long type RNA, 55 (112%) short type, 18 (37%) mixed type, 23 4 7%). Analysis of 471 children with positive rotavirus-positive specimens showed an average age of onset of 142 months, community-based infections of 32 0% (67 9%), and nosocomial infections of 15 1 cases (32 1%) , 464 (98.7%) children under 5, and 369 (78.3%) children between 3 months and 2 years of age. The detection rates of rotavirus positive in January and January in 3 years of winter were all above 50%. Conclusions Group A rotavirus is the major pathogen of diarrhea in hospitalized children under 5 years of age in Shanghai and susceptible to rotavirus from 3 months to 2 years of age. The epidemic peak is from January to January in winter, The genome is mainly long.