一、序章在日本,具有现代意义的行政诉讼制度是在1989年的明治宪法下成立的。和当时其他法律制度一样,受到大陆法,特别是德国法的强烈影响,1890年《行政法院法》的实施导入了行政法院制度。原先,行政法院只有东京一个地方设立,既是一审,也是终审,诉讼的手续过程并不十分完善,只有 I. Preface In Japan, the administrative litigation system with modern significance was established under the Meiji Constitution of 1989. Like other legal systems at that time, the implementation of the Administrative Courts Act of 1890 led to the introduction of the administrative court system, strongly influenced by civil law and particularly German law. Originally, the administrative court was established only in one place in Tokyo. It was both a first trial and a final trial. The process of procedural proceedings was not perfect and only