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通过查阅和整理相关文献资料,分析了中国可食性入侵植物的种类组成、生长特性、地理起源等,并基于相关指标对其食用推广价值进行了等级评价。结果表明:目前中国可食性入侵植物共计114种,隶属30科,其中以禾本科、豆科、菊科、苋科和柳叶菜科植物为主,且多年生和1年生草本植物占据多数;其地理起源上多源自美洲地区,以人为有意引入为主;大多数可食性入侵植物可以直接被人类、家畜和家禽等食用对象所直接食用,可食性器官以茎、叶为主;属于高、中、低食用价值等级的外来可食性植物分别有9种、76种和29种,中等可食性入侵植物所占比例较高。因此,利用某些入侵植物的可食性来减少其种群危害,是一种切实有效的防治方法。
By consulting and organizing relevant literature, the species composition, growth characteristics and geographical origin of edible invasive plants in China were analyzed, and their edible extension values were evaluated based on relevant indicators. The results show that there are 114 species of edible invasive plants in China at present, belonging to 30 families, including grasses, leguminous plants, Compositae, Amaranthus and Onagraceae plants, and perennials and annuals occupy the majority of them; Most of them originate from the Americas in geographical origins and are mainly introduced by people. Most of the edible invaders can be eaten directly by human, livestock and poultry and other edible objects. Edible organs are mainly stems and leaves, There were 9 species, 76 species and 29 species of edible edible plants of medium and low edible value classes, respectively, with a higher proportion of middle-edible invasive plants. Therefore, taking advantage of the edibleness of some invasive plants to reduce their population hazards is an effective and effective control method.