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蕈菌的定义是:具有明显的、肉眼可辨的子实体的大型真菌。其菌肉为肉质、木质或革质。大多数的种属担子菌,部份种属子囊菌,有些种可形成菌根。蕈菌有重要的经济价值,不少种类可供食用和药用。过去三年内,世界食用蕈菌年产量每年平均增加24.5%,总增加率为72.5%。1989—1990年度产量为3763000吨,年产值约为74.85亿美元。今后预计产量还会增加。一些药用菌已作为医药制剂进行工业生产并在临床上应用,有的已开发成为保健饮料和化妆品的重要原料。
Mushrooms are defined as: Large fungi with distinct, macroscopically distinct fruiting bodies. The meat is meaty, woody or leathery. Most of the genus Basidiomycetes, part of the genus Ascomycetes, some species can form mycorrhiza. Mushrooms have important economic value, many species for food and medicine. In the past three years, the annual mushroom production in the world has increased by an average of 24.5% annually with a total increase rate of 72.5%. 1989-90 annual output of 3763000 tons, the annual output value of about 7.485 billion US dollars. Production is expected to increase in the future. Some medicinal mushrooms have been industrially produced and used clinically as pharmaceutical preparations, and some have been developed into important raw materials for health drinks and cosmetics.